Multiple Choice
Compared with most other cell types in the body, do skeletal muscle cells typically contain more mitochondria, and why?
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11. Aerobic Respiration
Mitochondria
Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, what is the primary function of mitochondria?
A
Modify and sort proteins for secretion via the endomembrane system
B
Store genetic information as the cell’s main repository of DNA
C
Synthesize proteins by translating mRNA on ribosomes
D
Generate ATP through aerobic respiration (e.g., oxidative phosphorylation)
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the main organelles involved in the given functions: protein modification and sorting is done by the Golgi apparatus, genetic information storage is the role of the nucleus, and protein synthesis occurs at ribosomes.
Recall that mitochondria are known as the 'powerhouses' of the cell because they generate energy in the form of ATP.
Understand that mitochondria perform aerobic respiration, a process that uses oxygen to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP.
Recognize that oxidative phosphorylation is the key step in mitochondria where most ATP is produced using the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.
Conclude that the primary function of mitochondria is to generate ATP through aerobic respiration, distinguishing them from other organelles with different roles.
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