Multiple Choice
Which statement best describes the daughter cells produced by mitosis?
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16. Cell Division
Mitosis
Multiple Choice
In cell biology, how is binary fission different from mitosis?
A
Binary fission separates homologous chromosomes and reduces ploidy, whereas mitosis separates sister chromatids without changing ploidy.
B
Binary fission includes prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, whereas mitosis consists of a single step without chromosome condensation.
C
Binary fission occurs only after meiosis to produce haploid gametes, whereas mitosis produces genetically diverse daughter cells.
D
Binary fission is a prokaryotic cell-division process that does not involve a mitotic spindle or nucleus, whereas mitosis is eukaryotic nuclear division with spindle-mediated chromosome segregation.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the context of the question by identifying the two processes being compared: binary fission and mitosis, both of which are mechanisms of cell division but occur in different types of organisms.
Step 2: Define binary fission as the method by which prokaryotic cells (such as bacteria) divide. Note that it is a simpler process that does not involve a nucleus or mitotic spindle, and the DNA is typically a single circular chromosome that replicates and segregates directly into two daughter cells.
Step 3: Define mitosis as the process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells, involving multiple stages (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) and the formation of a mitotic spindle that helps segregate duplicated sister chromatids into two genetically identical daughter nuclei.
Step 4: Highlight the key differences: binary fission lacks a mitotic spindle and nucleus, occurs in prokaryotes, and involves direct division of the cytoplasm after DNA replication; mitosis involves complex chromosome condensation, spindle formation, and nuclear division in eukaryotes.
Step 5: Summarize that binary fission is a simpler, prokaryotic cell division process without spindle or nucleus, while mitosis is a eukaryotic nuclear division process with spindle-mediated chromosome segregation.
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