Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an active transport process across the plasma membrane?
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9. Transport Across Membranes
Principles of Transmembrane Transport
Multiple Choice
A primary active transport process is one in which which of the following occurs?
A
Energy stored in an ion gradient (created by another pump) is used to drive transport of a second solute against its gradient
B
A solute moves down its concentration gradient through a channel without any energy input
C
Water moves across the membrane from lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration through aquaporins
D
A membrane protein directly uses energy from ATP hydrolysis to move a solute against its electrochemical gradient
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the definition of primary active transport. It involves the direct use of energy, typically from ATP hydrolysis, to move solutes against their electrochemical gradient across a membrane.
Step 2: Recognize that in primary active transport, the energy source is directly from ATP, not from an ion gradient created by another pump. This distinguishes it from secondary active transport.
Step 3: Identify that moving a solute against its electrochemical gradient requires energy input, which is provided by the membrane protein hydrolyzing ATP in primary active transport.
Step 4: Contrast this with other options: passive transport (movement down gradient without energy), secondary active transport (using ion gradients), and osmosis (water movement through aquaporins), none of which directly use ATP hydrolysis by the transport protein.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct description of primary active transport is a membrane protein directly using energy from ATP hydrolysis to move a solute against its electrochemical gradient.
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