Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the correct chemical formula for the iodate ion?
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3. Chemical Reactions
Polyatomic Ions
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the correct formula for the hydrogen phosphate ion?
A
H_2PO_4^{-}
B
HSO_4^{-}
C
HPO_4^{2-}
D
PO_4^{3-}
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the problem is asking for the correct chemical formula of the hydrogen phosphate ion, which is a polyatomic ion derived from phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) by losing hydrogen ions (protons).
Recall the series of phosphate-related ions formed by stepwise deprotonation of phosphoric acid: H₃PO₄ (phosphoric acid), H₂PO₄⁻ (dihydrogen phosphate), HPO₄²⁻ (hydrogen phosphate), and PO₄³⁻ (phosphate).
Identify that the hydrogen phosphate ion specifically has lost two protons compared to phosphoric acid, resulting in the formula HPO₄²⁻, where the charge is 2- due to the remaining negative charges on the oxygen atoms.
Compare the given options to the known formulas: H₂PO₄⁻ is dihydrogen phosphate, HSO₄⁻ is hydrogen sulfate (not related to phosphate), HPO₄²⁻ is hydrogen phosphate, and PO₄³⁻ is phosphate ion.
Conclude that the correct formula for the hydrogen phosphate ion is \(HPO_4^{2-}\) based on the stepwise deprotonation and charge balance.
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