Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

Lewis Dot Structures: Neutral Compounds

General Chemistry

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

Lewis Dot Structures: Neutral Compounds

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the correct Lewis dot structure for the neutral compound AsH3?

Arsenic (As) is surrounded by three hydrogen atoms, each connected by a triple bond, and two lone pairs on As.

Hydrogen atoms are arranged in a linear structure with As in the center and no lone pairs on As.

Arsenic (As) is the central atom with three single bonds to hydrogen atoms and one lone pair on As.

Arsenic (As) is the central atom with three double bonds to hydrogen atoms and no lone pairs on As.

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Verified step by step guidance

Identify the total number of valence electrons for the molecule. Arsenic (As) is in group 15, so it has 5 valence electrons, and each hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron. For AsH3, total valence electrons = 5 + 3(1) = 8 electrons.

Determine the central atom, which is usually the least electronegative element that can form multiple bonds. Here, arsenic (As) is the central atom, and the three hydrogens are terminal atoms.

Draw single bonds between the central arsenic atom and each hydrogen atom. Each single bond represents 2 electrons, so 3 bonds use 6 electrons.

Distribute the remaining electrons as lone pairs on the central atom. Since 6 electrons are used in bonds, 8 - 6 = 2 electrons remain, which form one lone pair on arsenic.

Check the structure for the octet rule. Arsenic has 3 bonds (6 electrons) plus 1 lone pair (2 electrons), totaling 8 electrons, satisfying the octet rule. Hydrogen atoms each have 2 electrons from their single bond, satisfying their duet rule.