Multiple Choice
How many unpaired electrons are present in a neutral calcium (Ca) atom?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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What is the total number of electrons required to completely fill the fourth main energy level (n = 4) of an atom?
A
16
B
8
C
18
D
32
Verified step by step guidance1
Recall that the total number of electrons that can fit in a main energy level (shell) is given by the formula $2n^2$, where $n$ is the principal quantum number (the energy level).
Identify the principal quantum number for the problem, which is $n = 4$ for the fourth main energy level.
Substitute $n = 4$ into the formula to find the maximum number of electrons: $2 \times (4)^2$.
Calculate the value inside the parentheses first: $(4)^2 = 16$.
Multiply by 2 to get the total number of electrons: $2 \times 16 = 32$ electrons can fill the fourth main energy level completely.
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