Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions

Solubility Rules

General Chemistry

6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions

Solubility Rules

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following substances is most likely to be more soluble in 1.0 M HCl than in 1.0 M NaOH?

KNO3

CaCO3

NaCl

BaSO4

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the nature of the substances and the solvents: 1.0 M HCl is a strong acid, and 1.0 M NaOH is a strong base. The solubility of substances can depend on their chemical behavior in acidic or basic environments.

Identify the chemical properties of each substance: KNO3 and NaCl are salts of strong acids and strong bases, so their solubility is generally not affected significantly by acidic or basic conditions. BaSO4 and CaCO3 are salts that can react with acids or bases.

Focus on CaCO3, which is calcium carbonate. It is known to be sparingly soluble in water but reacts with acids to form soluble calcium ions and carbon dioxide gas, increasing its solubility in acidic solutions like 1.0 M HCl.

Write the reaction of CaCO3 with HCl: $\mathrm{CaCO_3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) \rightarrow Ca^{2+} (aq) + 2Cl^- (aq) + CO_2 (g) + H_2O (l)}$. This reaction shows that CaCO3 dissolves better in acid due to the formation of soluble products and gas evolution.

In contrast, in 1.0 M NaOH, CaCO3 does not react significantly to increase solubility, so it remains less soluble. Therefore, CaCO3 is more soluble in 1.0 M HCl than in 1.0 M NaOH.