Multiple Choice
What is the percent composition by mass of sulfur in the sulfate ion (SO_4^{2-})?
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3. Chemical Reactions
Mass Percent
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Which of the following best represents the mass percent of Earth's water that is fresh water?
A
Approximately 50%
B
Approximately 2.5%
C
Approximately 10%
D
Approximately 25%
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the problem is asking for the mass percent of Earth's water that is fresh water, which means the ratio of the mass of fresh water to the total mass of all water on Earth, expressed as a percentage.
Recall or research the approximate distribution of Earth's water: most of it is salt water in oceans, and a small fraction is fresh water found in glaciers, ice caps, groundwater, lakes, and rivers.
Use the known fact that fresh water constitutes about 2.5% of the total water on Earth by mass. This is a widely accepted scientific estimate based on hydrological studies.
Express this as a mass percent using the formula: \(\text{Mass percent} = \left( \frac{\text{Mass of fresh water}}{\text{Total mass of water}} \right) \times 100\%\).
Conclude that the best representation of the mass percent of Earth's water that is fresh water is approximately 2.5%, which matches the known scientific data.
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