Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

Lewis Dot Structures: Neutral Compounds

General Chemistry

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

Lewis Dot Structures: Neutral Compounds

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements correctly describes the Lewis dot structure of CHCl3 (chloroform)?

The central carbon atom forms three single bonds with chlorine atoms and one double bond with hydrogen.

The central carbon atom forms four single bonds: one with hydrogen and three with chlorine atoms, with no lone pairs on carbon.

The central carbon atom has two lone pairs and forms two single bonds with chlorine atoms.

The central carbon atom forms one single bond with hydrogen, two single bonds with chlorine, and has one lone pair.

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Verified step by step guidance

Identify the total number of valence electrons available for bonding in CHCl3. Carbon has 4 valence electrons, hydrogen has 1, and each chlorine has 7. Sum these to find the total valence electrons.

Determine the central atom, which is carbon in this case, because it can form multiple bonds and is less electronegative than chlorine.

Draw single bonds from the central carbon atom to each of the other atoms: one bond to hydrogen and three bonds to chlorine atoms. Each single bond represents 2 shared electrons.

Distribute the remaining valence electrons as lone pairs to satisfy the octet rule for the chlorine atoms. Remember that hydrogen only needs 2 electrons to be stable.

Check the carbon atom to ensure it has a full octet (8 electrons) around it. Confirm that carbon forms four single bonds (one with hydrogen and three with chlorine) and has no lone pairs, which matches the correct Lewis structure.