Multiple Choice
Which type of packing is represented by a unit cell in which each sphere is surrounded by six others in the same plane, and layers are stacked directly on top of each other?
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12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory
Molecular Geometry
Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the molecular geometry of a water (H_2O) molecule?
A
Tetrahedral
B
Trigonal planar
C
Linear
D
Bent
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the central atom in the water molecule, which is oxygen (O).
Determine the number of electron groups around the oxygen atom. Oxygen has two bonded hydrogen atoms and two lone pairs, making a total of four electron groups.
Use the VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory to predict the electron geometry. Four electron groups around the central atom correspond to a tetrahedral electron geometry.
Consider the effect of lone pairs on molecular shape. Lone pairs occupy space and repel bonded atoms, causing the shape to deviate from perfect tetrahedral.
Conclude that because of the two lone pairs, the molecular geometry of water is 'bent' (or angular), not tetrahedral, trigonal planar, or linear.
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