Multiple Choice
The chemical characteristics or reactivity of an element depend mostly on the:
1
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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Why is the configuration of electrons in an atom's outer shell important?
A
It sets the number of protons in the nucleus.
B
It determines the chemical reactivity and bonding behavior of the atom.
C
It controls the atomic mass of the element.
D
It affects the color of the element in its solid state.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the electron configuration of an atom describes how electrons are distributed in its atomic orbitals, especially focusing on the outermost shell, also called the valence shell.
Recognize that the valence electrons are the ones involved in chemical reactions because they can be gained, lost, or shared when atoms interact with each other.
Know that the number and arrangement of valence electrons determine how an atom bonds with other atoms, influencing the types of chemical bonds it can form (ionic, covalent, metallic).
Realize that the number of protons in the nucleus defines the element itself but does not directly influence chemical reactivity; instead, it is the valence electron configuration that governs reactivity.
Conclude that the electron configuration in the outer shell is crucial because it determines the chemical properties and reactivity of the atom, which is why it is the correct explanation among the given options.
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