Multiple Choice
Which of the following conditions will result in resonance in a molecule?
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11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Resonance Structures
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Which of the following species exhibits delocalized bonding due to resonance?
A
None of the above
B
NH_4^+
C
NO_2^-
D
N_3^-
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of delocalized bonding: Delocalized bonding occurs when electrons are not confined to a single bond or atom but are spread over several atoms, often represented by resonance structures.
Examine the species NH_4^+: This ion (ammonium) has localized bonding with single bonds between nitrogen and hydrogen atoms and no resonance structures, so it does not exhibit delocalized bonding.
Examine the species NO_2^-: The nitrite ion has resonance structures where the double bond and single bond between nitrogen and oxygen atoms can switch positions, indicating delocalized electrons over the oxygen atoms.
Examine the species N_3^-: The azide ion has resonance structures with the negative charge and double bonds distributed over the three nitrogen atoms, showing delocalized bonding.
Conclude that species exhibiting resonance and thus delocalized bonding are NO_2^- and N_3^-, while NH_4^+ does not exhibit delocalized bonding.
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