Multiple Choice
How many valence electrons does hydrogen (H) have?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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How do valence electrons influence the chemical reactivity of elements?
A
Elements with more valence electrons are always less reactive than those with fewer.
B
Elements with a nearly full or nearly empty valence shell tend to be more reactive.
C
Elements with a completely filled valence shell are highly reactive.
D
The number of valence electrons has no effect on an element's reactivity.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom and are primarily responsible for chemical bonding and reactivity.
Recognize that elements tend to react in ways that allow them to achieve a stable electron configuration, often resembling the nearest noble gas with a full valence shell.
Note that elements with nearly full valence shells (such as halogens) are highly reactive because they tend to gain electrons to complete their shell.
Observe that elements with nearly empty valence shells (such as alkali metals) are also highly reactive because they tend to lose electrons to achieve a full shell in the next lower energy level.
Conclude that elements with completely filled valence shells (noble gases) are generally unreactive because their electron configuration is already stable.
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