Textbook Question
Although I3- is a known ion, F3- is not. (b) One of your classmates says that F3- does not exist because F is too electronegative to make bonds with another atom. Give an example that proves your classmate is wrong.
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11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Lewis Dot Structures: Exceptions
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT a valid Lewis dot structure based on the octet rule exceptions?
A
BF3 with boron surrounded by 6 electrons
B
BeCl2 with beryllium surrounded by 8 electrons
C
SF6 with sulfur surrounded by 12 electrons
D
NH3 with nitrogen surrounded by 8 electrons
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the octet rule and its exceptions. The octet rule states that atoms tend to have 8 electrons in their valence shell to achieve stability, but some elements can have fewer or more than 8 electrons due to their position in the periodic table or bonding characteristics.
Step 2: Analyze BF3. Boron is an exception to the octet rule and often forms stable compounds with only 6 valence electrons around it. Therefore, BF3 with boron surrounded by 6 electrons is a valid Lewis structure.
Step 3: Analyze SF6. Sulfur is in period 3 and can expand its octet by using d orbitals, allowing it to have 12 electrons around it. Thus, SF6 with sulfur surrounded by 12 electrons is a valid Lewis structure.
Step 4: Analyze NH3. Nitrogen typically follows the octet rule and forms three bonds plus one lone pair, totaling 8 electrons around it. NH3 with nitrogen surrounded by 8 electrons is a valid Lewis structure.
Step 5: Analyze BeCl2. Beryllium is an exception that usually forms compounds with only 4 electrons around it, not 8. Therefore, BeCl2 with beryllium surrounded by 8 electrons violates the octet rule and is NOT a valid Lewis structure.
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