Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for a neutral atom of sodium (Na)?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
The Electron Configuration
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Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for tungsten (W)?
A
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^6 5s^2 4d^{10} 5p^6 6s^2 4f^{14} 5d^4 6p^2
B
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^6 5s^2 4d^{10} 5p^6 6s^2 4f^{14} 5d^4 6p^6
C
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^6 5s^2 4d^{10} 5p^6 6s^2 4f^{14} 5d^4
D
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^6 5s^2 4d^{10} 5p^6 6s^2 4f^{14} 5d^6
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Determine the atomic number of tungsten (W), which is 74. This tells us the total number of electrons to be placed in the electron configuration.
Step 2: Recall the order of filling orbitals according to the Aufbau principle, which is based on increasing energy levels: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, etc.
Step 3: Begin filling the orbitals with electrons, following the order and respecting the maximum number of electrons per orbital type: s (2), p (6), d (10), f (14), until all 74 electrons are accounted for.
Step 4: Pay special attention to the 4f and 5d orbitals, as tungsten is a transition metal where electron configurations can have exceptions due to electron stability and energy considerations.
Step 5: Compare the given options with the expected electron configuration based on the filling order and total electrons, ensuring the sum of electrons matches 74 and the distribution follows the Aufbau principle and known exceptions.
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