Multiple Choice
How many valence electrons does neon (Ne) have?
3
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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How many valence electrons does gallium (Ga) have?
A
1
B
3
C
2
D
5
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the group number of gallium (Ga) in the periodic table. Gallium is in group 13 (or IIIA) of the periodic table.
Recall that the group number for main group elements corresponds to the number of valence electrons. For group 13 elements, the number of valence electrons is 3.
Understand that valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that participate in chemical bonding.
Confirm gallium's electron configuration to verify the valence electrons: Ga has the configuration $[\mathrm{Ar}]\,3d^{10}\,4s^{2}\,4p^{1}$, where the electrons in the 4s and 4p orbitals are the valence electrons.
Count the electrons in the outermost shell (4s and 4p orbitals): 2 electrons in 4s and 1 electron in 4p, totaling 3 valence electrons.
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