Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions

Solubility Rules

General Chemistry

6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions

Solubility Rules

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following substances can be added to AgBr to promote its dissolution in water?

Aqueous ammonia (NH_3)

Sodium chloride (NaCl)

Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

Potassium nitrate (KNO_3)

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the nature of AgBr: Silver bromide (AgBr) is a sparingly soluble salt, meaning it has very low solubility in water due to the formation of a solid precipitate.

Recall the concept of complex ion formation: Some substances can increase the solubility of sparingly soluble salts by forming complex ions with the metal ion, effectively removing it from the equilibrium and shifting the dissolution reaction forward.

Analyze each option for its ability to interact with Ag+ ions: Aqueous ammonia (NH_3) can form a complex ion with Ag+, specifically the diamminesilver(I) complex, $\mathrm{[Ag(NH_3)_2]^+}$, which increases AgBr solubility.

Consider the other substances: Sodium chloride (NaCl) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) provide Cl- ions, which do not form a complex with Ag+ but can cause a common ion effect, decreasing solubility; potassium nitrate (KNO_3) is a neutral salt and does not interact significantly with Ag+ or Br- ions.

Conclude that aqueous ammonia promotes dissolution by complex ion formation, shifting the equilibrium $\mathrm{AgBr(s) \rightleftharpoons Ag^+ (aq) + Br^- (aq)}$ toward dissolution.