Multiple Choice
In a laboratory experiment using the ideal gas law, which value is considered the universal gas constant (R) when pressure is measured in atmospheres and volume in liters?
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7. Gases
The Ideal Gas Law
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Which type of gas sample will behave most like an ideal gas (i.e., best approximated by )?
A
A large, highly polarizable gas at low temperature and moderate pressure
B
A polar gas at low temperature and high pressure
C
Any gas at any conditions, because all gases are ideal
D
A low-molar-mass, nonpolar gas at high temperature and low pressure
Verified step by step guidance1
Recall that the ideal gas law is given by the equation \(P V = n R T\), where \(P\) is pressure, \(V\) is volume, \(n\) is moles of gas, \(R\) is the gas constant, and \(T\) is temperature.
Understand that real gases deviate from ideal behavior due to intermolecular forces and the finite volume of gas particles. These deviations are more significant at high pressures and low temperatures.
Identify that gases behave most ideally when intermolecular forces are minimal. This typically occurs in gases with low molar mass and nonpolar molecules, because they have weaker intermolecular attractions.
Recognize that high temperature increases the kinetic energy of gas particles, helping to overcome intermolecular attractions, and low pressure means particles are far apart, reducing interactions.
Combine these concepts to conclude that a low-molar-mass, nonpolar gas at high temperature and low pressure will behave most like an ideal gas, as it minimizes intermolecular forces and particle volume effects.
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