Multiple Choice
Is water a polar or nonpolar molecule, and what is the reason for its polarity?
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13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces
Molecular Polarity
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Which of the following substances is nonpolar covalent?
A
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
B
Water (H2O)
C
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
D
Ammonia (NH3)
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of polarity: A molecule is nonpolar if the electrons are shared equally between the atoms, resulting in no permanent dipole moment.
Examine the molecular geometry: Nonpolar molecules often have symmetrical shapes that allow for the cancellation of any dipole moments.
Analyze the given options: Carbon dioxide (CO2), Water (H2O), Hydrochloric acid (HCl), and Ammonia (NH3).
Consider the molecular geometry of each: CO2 is linear and symmetrical, H2O is bent, HCl is linear but polar due to the difference in electronegativity, and NH3 is trigonal pyramidal.
Determine the nonpolar molecule: CO2 is nonpolar because its linear shape allows the dipoles to cancel out, resulting in no net dipole moment.
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