Multiple Choice
How does reducing the temperature of a chemical reaction affect the rate at which it occurs?
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15. Chemical Kinetics
Factors Influencing Rates
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Which of the following factors will increase the rate at which a solute dissolves in a solvent?
A
Using a solvent with lower polarity (for a polar solute)
B
Stirring the solution less frequently
C
Increasing the temperature of the solvent
D
Decreasing the surface area of the solute
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the rate of dissolution depends on factors that increase the interaction between solute and solvent particles.
Recall that increasing temperature generally increases the kinetic energy of molecules, leading to more frequent and energetic collisions between solute and solvent, thus increasing the dissolution rate.
Recognize that using a solvent with lower polarity for a polar solute decreases solubility and thus slows the dissolution rate, because 'like dissolves like' principle favors solvents with similar polarity to the solute.
Note that stirring the solution more frequently (not less) helps distribute solute particles and solvent molecules, increasing the rate of dissolution by reducing the concentration gradient near the solute surface.
Understand that decreasing the surface area of the solute reduces the area available for solvent interaction, thus decreasing the rate of dissolution; increasing surface area (e.g., by grinding) would increase the rate.
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