Multiple Choice
Which type of solute-solvent combination best describes carbon dioxide dissolved in water?
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6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions
Solubility Rules
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Which of the following compounds will be most soluble in ethanol (CH3CH2OH)?
A
NaCl
B
CaCO3
C
PbS
D
C6H12O6 (glucose)
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the principle of solubility 'like dissolves like,' which means polar solvents tend to dissolve polar solutes, and nonpolar solvents tend to dissolve nonpolar solutes.
Step 2: Identify the polarity of ethanol (CH3CH2OH). Ethanol is a polar molecule because of its hydroxyl (-OH) group, which can form hydrogen bonds.
Step 3: Analyze the compounds given: NaCl, CaCO3, PbS, and C6H12O6 (glucose). NaCl and CaCO3 are ionic compounds, PbS is mostly ionic with some covalent character, and glucose is a polar covalent molecule with multiple hydroxyl groups.
Step 4: Recognize that ionic compounds like NaCl, CaCO3, and PbS are generally more soluble in water (a highly polar solvent) than in ethanol, which is less polar than water.
Step 5: Conclude that glucose (C6H12O6), being a polar molecule with many -OH groups capable of hydrogen bonding, will be most soluble in ethanol due to similar polarity and hydrogen bonding capability.
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