Multiple Choice
How many lone pairs of electrons are present on the Xe atom in the ion XeF_6?
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11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Lewis Dot Structures: Ions
Multiple Choice
Which of the following Lewis dot diagrams correctly represents the ionic compound CaCl_2?
A
Ca^{2+} [ :Cl: ] [ :Cl: ]
B
Ca^{2+} [ :Cl: ]^- [ :Cl: ]^-
C
Ca^{2+} [ :Cl: ]^+ [ :Cl: ]^-
D
Ca [ :Cl: ] [ :Cl: ]
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the nature of the compound CaCl_2. Calcium (Ca) is a metal that typically forms a Ca^{2+} cation by losing two electrons, and chlorine (Cl) is a nonmetal that forms Cl^- anions by gaining one electron each.
Step 2: Recognize that in an ionic compound like CaCl_2, the calcium ion will have a 2+ charge (Ca^{2+}), and each chlorine atom will have a 1- charge (Cl^-), resulting in two chloride ions to balance the charge of one calcium ion.
Step 3: Draw the Lewis dot structure for each chloride ion, showing the full octet of electrons around each Cl atom, and indicate the negative charge on each chloride ion as a superscript minus sign (^-).
Step 4: Represent the calcium ion as Ca^{2+} without any dots around it, since it has lost its valence electrons and carries a positive charge.
Step 5: Combine the Ca^{2+} ion with two Cl^- ions in the Lewis diagram, ensuring the charges are clearly shown and that the overall compound is electrically neutral.
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