Textbook Question
Indicate the type of solute–solvent interaction that should be most important in each of the following solutions: c. KBr in water,
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Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement111
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions166
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry138
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution127
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry104
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms109
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements107
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding102
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories120
- Ch.10 - Gases122
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces79
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials102
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions99
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics153
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium83
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria109
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria117
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment60
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics109
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry113
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry79
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals52
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry57
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry7
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 13, Problem 15a
Indicate the type of solute–solvent interaction that should be most important in each of the following solutions: a. CCl4 in benzene (C6H6),
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the polarity of the solute (CCl4) and the solvent (benzene, C6H6). Both CCl4 and benzene are nonpolar molecules.
Understand that nonpolar molecules have London dispersion forces as the primary type of intermolecular force.
Recognize that when both solute and solvent are nonpolar, the interaction between them is primarily through dispersion forces.
Conclude that the most important type of solute-solvent interaction in a solution of CCl4 in benzene is dispersion forces.
Consider that these interactions facilitate the dissolution of CCl4 in benzene, as like dissolves like, meaning nonpolar solutes tend to dissolve well in nonpolar solvents.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Solute-Solvent Interactions
Solute-solvent interactions refer to the forces that occur between solute particles and solvent molecules when a solution is formed. These interactions can include hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. The type of interaction that predominates depends on the nature of the solute and solvent, influencing solubility and solution properties.
Polarity
Polarity is a key concept in chemistry that describes the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms in a molecule. Polar molecules have a significant difference in electronegativity between their atoms, leading to partial positive and negative charges. In contrast, nonpolar molecules, like CCl4, have an even distribution of charge, which affects their interactions with polar and nonpolar solvents.
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Molecular Polarity
Like Dissolves Like
The principle of 'like dissolves like' states that polar solvents tend to dissolve polar solutes, while nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes. This concept is crucial for predicting solubility and understanding the behavior of mixtures. In the case of CCl4 in benzene, both are nonpolar, suggesting that London dispersion forces will be the primary interaction facilitating their solubility.
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Indicate the type of solute–solvent interaction that should be most important in each of the following solutions: b. methanol (CH3OH) in water,
Textbook Question
Suppose you had a balloon made of some highly flexible semipermeable membrane. The balloon is filled completely with a 0.2 M solution of some solute and is submerged in a 0.1 M solution of the same solute:
Initially, the volume of solution in the balloon is 0.25 L. Assuming the volume outside the semipermeable membrane is large, as the illustration shows, what would you expect for the solution volume inside the balloon once the system has come to equilibrium through osmosis? [Section 13.5]
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Textbook Question
Indicate the principal type of solute–solvent interaction in each of the following solutions and rank the solutions from weakest to strongest solute–solvent interaction: (a) KCl in water
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