Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements correctly describes the Lewis dot structure of a neutral compound with the formula C3H7N?
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11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Lewis Dot Structures: Neutral Compounds
Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the Lewis dot structure for the neutral compound Na2O?
A
Oxygen shares two pairs of electrons with each Na atom, forming double bonds.
B
Each Na atom shares one electron with O, forming two single covalent bonds between Na and O.
C
The structure consists of three atoms sharing electrons equally in a trigonal planar arrangement.
D
Each Na atom donates one electron to O, resulting in two Na+ ions and one O2− ion, with no shared electron pairs.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Identify the types of elements involved and their typical bonding behavior. Sodium (Na) is a metal and oxygen (O) is a nonmetal. Metals tend to lose electrons and form cations, while nonmetals tend to gain electrons and form anions.
Step 2: Determine the total number of valence electrons for the compound Na2O. Sodium has 1 valence electron each, and oxygen has 6 valence electrons, so total valence electrons = 2(1) + 6 = 8 electrons.
Step 3: Consider the nature of bonding between Na and O. Since Na is a metal and O is a nonmetal, the bonding is typically ionic rather than covalent. Sodium atoms tend to lose their valence electrons to oxygen, forming Na+ ions and O2− ions.
Step 4: Draw the Lewis structure showing that each Na atom donates one electron to oxygen, resulting in two Na+ ions and one O2− ion. Oxygen achieves a full octet by gaining two electrons (one from each Na), and there are no shared electron pairs (no covalent bonds).
Step 5: Conclude that the correct Lewis structure for Na2O is ionic, with Na+ and O2− ions, rather than covalent bonds or shared electron pairs.
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