Multiple Choice
Which physical property does a distillation tower primarily use to separate crude oil into different fractions?
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4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures
Distillation & Floatation
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Which method would be most appropriate to separate a mixture of two liquids with significantly different boiling points?
A
Floatation
B
Distillation
C
Filtration
D
Chromatography
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the physical properties of the components in the mixture that can be used for separation. In this case, the key property is the boiling point of the two liquids.
Understand that distillation is a technique used to separate liquids based on differences in their boiling points. When a mixture is heated, the liquid with the lower boiling point vaporizes first.
Recognize that floatation is used to separate solids based on density differences, filtration separates solids from liquids, and chromatography separates components based on their affinity to stationary and mobile phases, which are less suitable for separating two liquids with different boiling points.
Conclude that since the two liquids have significantly different boiling points, distillation is the most appropriate method because it allows selective vaporization and condensation of each liquid.
Summarize that the process involves heating the mixture until the liquid with the lower boiling point vaporizes, then cooling the vapor to collect it separately, effectively separating the two liquids.
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