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Multiple Choice
Which of the following properties has a larger value for lithium (Li) than for potassium (K)?
A
First ionization energy
B
Metallic character
C
Atomic radius
D
Number of electron shells
Verified step by step guidance
1
Step 1: Understand the properties being compared between lithium (Li) and potassium (K). These are first ionization energy, metallic character, atomic radius, and number of electron shells.
Step 2: Recall the positions of Li and K on the periodic table. Lithium is in period 2, group 1, and potassium is in period 4, group 1. This means potassium has more electron shells than lithium.
Step 3: Analyze each property:
- First ionization energy generally decreases down a group because electrons are farther from the nucleus and more shielded.
- Metallic character increases down a group because atoms more readily lose electrons.
- Atomic radius increases down a group due to the addition of electron shells.
- Number of electron shells increases down a group as well.
Step 4: Compare lithium and potassium for each property:
- Lithium has fewer electron shells than potassium.
- Lithium has a smaller atomic radius than potassium.
- Lithium has a higher first ionization energy than potassium.
- Lithium has less metallic character than potassium.
Step 5: Conclude that the property with a larger value for lithium than for potassium is the first ionization energy.