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Multiple Choice
How many grams of chlorine gas (Cl2) can be produced from the decomposition of 73.4 g of AuCl3 according to the reaction: 2AuCl3 → 2Au + 3Cl2?
A
58.8 g
B
73.4 g
C
25.0 g
D
39.2 g
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Verified step by step guidance
1
Start by writing the balanced chemical equation for the decomposition reaction: 2AuCl3 → 2Au + 3Cl2. This equation shows that 2 moles of AuCl3 produce 3 moles of Cl2.
Calculate the molar mass of AuCl3. The molar mass is the sum of the atomic masses of gold (Au), chlorine (Cl), and the stoichiometry of the compound: M(AuCl3) = M(Au) + 3 × M(Cl). Use the periodic table to find these values.
Convert the given mass of AuCl3 (73.4 g) to moles using its molar mass. Use the formula: moles of AuCl3 = mass of AuCl3 / molar mass of AuCl3.
Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to find the moles of Cl2 produced. According to the equation, 2 moles of AuCl3 produce 3 moles of Cl2. Therefore, moles of Cl2 = (3/2) × moles of AuCl3.
Finally, convert the moles of Cl2 to grams using the molar mass of Cl2. The molar mass of Cl2 is 2 × M(Cl). Use the formula: mass of Cl2 = moles of Cl2 × molar mass of Cl2.