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pH of Strong Acids and Bases quiz #1 Flashcards

pH of Strong Acids and Bases quiz #1
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  • What is the pH of a 2.8 M solution of HClO4, a strong acid?
    Since HClO4 is a strong acid, it completely ionizes in water. Therefore, the concentration of H+ ions is equal to the acid concentration: [H+] = 2.8 M. The pH is calculated as pH = -log[H+]. Thus, pH = -log(2.8) ≈ -0.45.
  • What is the relationship between the concentration of a strong acid and the concentration of H+ ions in solution?
    For strong acids, the concentration of H+ ions is equal to the initial concentration of the acid because they completely ionize in water.
  • How does the number of hydroxide ions produced by calcium hydroxide affect the calculation of [OH-]?
    Calcium hydroxide produces two hydroxide ions per molecule, so the [OH-] is twice the initial molarity of Ca(OH)2.
  • Which four anions are considered when calculating the basicity of strong bases?
    The four basic anions are hydroxide (OH-), hydride (H-), amide (NH2-), and oxide (O2-).
  • What is the formula that relates pH and pOH in aqueous solutions?
    The formula is pH + pOH = 14.
  • How do you calculate the pOH from the concentration of OH- ions?
    pOH is calculated as the negative logarithm of the OH- concentration: pOH = -log[OH-].
  • If you know the pOH of a solution, how can you find the concentration of OH- ions?
    The concentration of OH- ions is found using [OH-] = 10^(-pOH).
  • What happens to the concentration of ions when a strong acid or base ionizes in water?
    The concentration of ions produced is equal to the initial concentration of the strong acid or base due to complete ionization.
  • How do you determine the concentration of H+ ions from a known pH value?
    The concentration of H+ ions is calculated as [H+] = 10^(-pH).
  • Why is it important to consider the number of ions produced per formula unit when calculating ion concentrations for strong bases?
    Because some strong bases produce more than one ion per formula unit, which increases the total ion concentration in solution.