Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition

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Brown 14th Edition

Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Problem 70b

Chapter 2, Problem 70b

Give the names and charges of the cation and anion in each of the following compounds: (b) Ag2SO4

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Identify the symbols for the elements in the compound Ag2SO4. Ag represents silver and SO4 represents sulfate.

Determine the charge of each ion. Silver (Ag) typically forms a +1 cation, denoted as Ag+. Sulfate (SO4) is a polyatomic ion with a charge of -2, denoted as SO4^2-.

Check the subscripts in the formula to understand the ratio of the ions. In Ag2SO4, the subscript '2' next to Ag indicates there are two silver ions.

Combine the charges of the ions to ensure the compound is electrically neutral. Two Ag+ ions (each with a +1 charge) combine with one SO4^2- ion (with a -2 charge) to balance the charges to zero.

Conclude the names and charges: The cation is silver (Ag+) and the anion is sulfate (SO4^2-).

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Ionic Compounds

Ionic compounds are formed when atoms transfer electrons, resulting in the formation of charged particles called ions. These compounds typically consist of a cation (positively charged ion) and an anion (negatively charged ion). Understanding the nature of ionic bonds is essential for identifying the components of a compound like Ag2SO4.

Common Ions and Their Charges

Familiarity with common ions and their respective charges is crucial for determining the composition of ionic compounds. For example, silver (Ag) typically forms a cation with a +1 charge, while sulfate (SO4) is a polyatomic anion with a -2 charge. Recognizing these charges helps in deducing the overall charge balance in compounds.

Polyatomic Ions

Polyatomic ions are ions composed of two or more atoms that are covalently bonded and carry a net charge. In the case of Ag2SO4, the sulfate ion (SO4) is a polyatomic ion that plays a key role in the compound's structure. Understanding how these ions interact with cations is essential for correctly identifying the ions present in a compound.

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