Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry

Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition

Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Not the one you use?Change textbook

Brown 14th Edition

Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry

Problem 31

Chapter 3, Problem 31

Without doing any detailed calculations (but using a periodic table to give atomic weights), rank the following samples in order of increasing numbers of atoms: 0.50 mol H₂O, 23 g Na, 6.0⨉10²³N₂molecules.

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the number of atoms in one molecule of each substance: H2O has 3 atoms (2 H and 1 O), Na has 1 atom, and N2 has 2 atoms.

Calculate the number of molecules in 0.50 mol of H2O using Avogadro's number (6.022⨉10^23 molecules/mol).

Determine the number of atoms in 0.50 mol of H2O by multiplying the number of molecules by the number of atoms per molecule.

Convert 23 g of Na to moles using the atomic weight of Na (approximately 23 g/mol) and then calculate the number of atoms using Avogadro's number.

For 6.0⨉10^23 N2 molecules, calculate the total number of atoms by multiplying the number of molecules by the number of atoms per molecule (2 atoms per N2 molecule).

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.

Video duration:

Was this helpful?

Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Moles and Avogadro's Number

A mole is a unit in chemistry that represents 6.022 x 10²³ entities, such as atoms or molecules. This concept is crucial for converting between the number of moles and the number of individual particles. Understanding moles allows us to compare different substances based on the number of atoms or molecules they contain.

Molar Mass

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is essential for converting between mass and moles, enabling the calculation of the number of atoms in a given mass of a substance. For example, knowing the molar mass of water (H₂O) helps determine how many moles are present in a specific mass.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the area of chemistry that deals with the relationships between the quantities of reactants and products in chemical reactions. It allows for the calculation of the number of atoms or molecules in a sample based on the balanced chemical equations and the amounts of substances involved. This concept is vital for ranking the samples in the question based on their atomic content.

Recommended video:

Guided course

01:16

Stoichiometry Concept

Related Practice

Textbook Question

(a) Write 'true' or 'false' for each statement. (d) A mole of NaCl(s) contains 2 moles of ions

867

views

Textbook Question

What is the mass, in kilograms, of an Avogadro's number of people, if the average mass of a person is 160 lb? How does this compare with the mass of Earth, 5.98⨉10²⁴ kg?

567

views

Textbook Question

(b) How many bromine atoms are present in one mole of ¹²C?

818

views

Textbook Question

If Avogadro's number of pennies is divided equally among the 321 million men, women, and children in the United States, how many dollars would each receive?

842

views

Textbook Question

(a) What is the mass, in grams, of one mole of ¹²C?

350

views

Without doing any detailed calculations (but using a periodic table to give atomic weights), rank the following samples in order of increasing numbers of atoms: 0.50 mol H2O, 23 g Na, 6.0⨉1023 N2 molecules.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

Key Concepts

Moles and Avogadro's Number

Molar Mass

Stoichiometry

Without doing any detailed calculations (but using a periodic table to give atomic weights), rank the following samples in order of increasing numbers of atoms: 0.50 mol H₂O, 23 g Na, 6.0⨉10²³N₂molecules.