Textbook Question
Write a balanced equation for the reaction that occurs in each of the following cases: (a) White phorphrous, P4(s), reacts with chlorine gas. (b) Sodium metal reacts with water. (c) Sulfur reacts with hydrogen gas.
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Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement177
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions231
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry216
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution189
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry175
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms168
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements150
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding177
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories200
- Ch.10 - Gases179
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces113
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials154
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions157
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics199
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium128
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria164
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria163
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment105
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics164
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry171
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals82
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry79
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry16
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 7, Problem 74c
Little is known about the properties of astatine, At, because of its rarity and high radioactivity. Nevertheless, it is possible for us to make many predictions about its properties. (c) What is the chemical formula of the compound it forms with Na?
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the position of astatine (At) in the periodic table. Astatine is a halogen, found in Group 17.
Recognize the typical valence of halogens. Halogens generally have a valence of -1 when forming compounds.
Identify the position and typical valence of sodium (Na). Sodium is an alkali metal in Group 1 and typically has a valence of +1.
Combine the valences of sodium and astatine to predict the formula of the compound. Since sodium has a +1 charge and astatine has a -1 charge, they can combine in a 1:1 ratio.
Write the chemical formula using the symbols for sodium and astatine, ensuring the total charge is neutral. The formula is NaAt.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Chemical Bonding
Chemical bonding refers to the forces that hold atoms together in compounds. In the case of astatine (At) and sodium (Na), the bond formed is ionic, where sodium donates an electron to astatine, resulting in the formation of Na+ and At- ions. Understanding this concept is crucial for predicting the formula of the compound formed.
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00:45
Chemical Bonds
Ionic Compounds
Ionic compounds are formed when metals and nonmetals react, resulting in the transfer of electrons. Sodium, a metal, loses one electron to become Na+, while astatine, a nonmetal, gains an electron to become At-. The resulting compound is electrically neutral, and its formula reflects the ratio of the ions involved.
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Chemical Formulas
A chemical formula represents the elements in a compound and their respective ratios. For the compound formed between sodium and astatine, the formula is NaAt, indicating one sodium ion for every astatine ion. This notation is essential for conveying the composition of the compound succinctly.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Little is known about the properties of astatine, At, because of its rarity and high radioactivity. Nevertheless, it is possible for us to make many predictions about its properties. (a) Do you expect the element to be a gas, liquid, or solid at room temperature?
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Textbook Question
Little is known about the properties of astatine, At, because of its rarity and high radioactivity. Nevertheless, it is possible for us to make many predictions about its properties. (b) Would you expect At to be a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid? Explain.
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