Textbook Question
Judge the following statements as true or false. If you believe a statement to be false, provide a corrected version. (b) All mixtures contain at least one element and one compound.
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Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement111
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions166
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry138
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution127
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry104
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms109
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements107
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding102
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories120
- Ch.10 - Gases122
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces79
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials102
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions99
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics153
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium83
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria109
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria117
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment60
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics109
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry113
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry79
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals52
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry57
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry7
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 1, Problem 90
Automobile batteries contain sulfuric acid, which is commonly referred to as “battery acid.” Calculate the number of grams of sulfuric acid in 1.00 gal of battery acid if the solution has a density of 1.28 g/mL and is 38.1% sulfuric acid by mass.
Verified step by step guidance1
Convert the volume from gallons to milliliters using the conversion factor: 1 gallon = 3,785.41 mL.
Calculate the total mass of the battery acid solution using the formula: mass = volume \( \times \) density.
Determine the mass of sulfuric acid in the solution by multiplying the total mass of the solution by the percentage of sulfuric acid (38.1%).
Ensure the units are consistent throughout the calculations, especially when converting between gallons and milliliters.
Review the steps to ensure all conversions and calculations align with the given data and chemical principles.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Density
Density is defined as mass per unit volume and is typically expressed in grams per milliliter (g/mL) or kilograms per liter (kg/L). In this context, the density of the battery acid solution is given as 1.28 g/mL, which means that every milliliter of the solution weighs 1.28 grams. Understanding density is crucial for converting volume measurements (like gallons) into mass, which is necessary for calculating the amount of sulfuric acid present.
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Density Concepts
Mass Percent Concentration
Mass percent concentration indicates the mass of a solute (in this case, sulfuric acid) relative to the total mass of the solution, expressed as a percentage. Here, the solution is 38.1% sulfuric acid by mass, meaning that 38.1 grams of sulfuric acid are present in every 100 grams of the solution. This concept is essential for determining how much sulfuric acid is contained in the total mass of the battery acid solution after converting the volume to mass.
Unit Conversion
Unit conversion is the process of converting a quantity expressed in one set of units to another set of units. In this problem, it involves converting gallons to milliliters (1 gallon = 3,785.41 mL) to use the given density for mass calculations. Mastery of unit conversion is vital in chemistry to ensure that calculations are accurate and consistent across different measurement systems.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Judge the following statements as true or false. If you believe a statement to be false, provide a corrected version. (a) Air and water are both elements.
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Textbook Question
Two spheres of equal volume are placed on the scales as shown. a. Which one is more dense?
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Textbook Question
A 32.65-g sample of a solid is placed in a flask. Toluene, in which the solid is insoluble, is added to the flask so that the total volume of solid and liquid together is 50.00 mL. The solid and toluene together weigh 58.58 g. The density of toluene at the temperature of the experiment is 0.864 g/mL. What is the density of the solid?
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