Textbook Question
Indicate the type of solute–solvent interaction that should be most important in each of the following solutions: c. KBr in water,
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Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement111
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions166
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry138
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution127
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry104
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms109
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements107
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding102
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories120
- Ch.10 - Gases122
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces79
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials102
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions99
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics153
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium83
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria109
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria117
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment60
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics109
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry113
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry79
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals52
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry57
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry7
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 13, Problem 16b
Indicate the principal type of solute–solvent interaction in each of the following solutions and rank the solutions from weakest to strongest solute–solvent interaction: (b) CH2Cl2 in benzene (C6H6)
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Identify the types of molecules involved in the solution: CH2Cl2 (dichloromethane) and C6H6 (benzene).
Determine the polarity of each molecule: CH2Cl2 is a polar molecule due to the electronegativity difference between carbon and chlorine, while benzene is a nonpolar molecule.
Analyze the type of interaction between the solute (CH2Cl2) and the solvent (benzene): The primary interaction is likely to be dipole-induced dipole interaction, where the permanent dipole of CH2Cl2 induces a temporary dipole in the nonpolar benzene molecules.
Consider the strength of the interaction: Dipole-induced dipole interactions are generally weaker than hydrogen bonding but stronger than London dispersion forces.
Rank the interaction strength: Since this solution involves dipole-induced dipole interactions, it would be ranked as having a moderate strength of solute-solvent interaction compared to other types of interactions like ion-dipole or hydrogen bonding.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Solute-Solvent Interactions
Solute-solvent interactions refer to the forces that occur between solute particles and solvent molecules when a solution is formed. These interactions can include hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. The strength and type of these interactions significantly influence the solubility of a solute in a solvent.
Polarity
Polarity is a key concept in chemistry that describes the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms in a molecule. Polar molecules have a significant difference in electronegativity between their atoms, leading to partial positive and negative charges. In the context of solute-solvent interactions, polar solutes tend to dissolve well in polar solvents, while nonpolar solutes dissolve better in nonpolar solvents.
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Molecular Polarity
Ranking of Interactions
Ranking solute-solvent interactions involves comparing the strength of different types of intermolecular forces present in a solution. Generally, hydrogen bonds are the strongest, followed by dipole-dipole interactions, and then London dispersion forces. Understanding this hierarchy helps in predicting the behavior of solutions and their properties, such as boiling and melting points.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
When ammonium chloride dissolves in water, the solution becomes colder. (a) Is the solution process exothermic or endothermic?
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Textbook Question
Indicate the type of solute–solvent interaction that should be most important in each of the following solutions: b. methanol (CH3OH) in water,
Textbook Question
An ionic compound has a very negative ∆Hsoln in water (b) Which term would you expect to be the largest negative number: ∆Hsolvent, ∆Hsolute, or ∆Hmix?
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Textbook Question
Indicate the principal type of solute–solvent interaction in each of the following solutions and rank the solutions from weakest to strongest solute–solvent interaction: (a) KCl in water
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Textbook Question
Indicate the principal type of solute–solvent interaction in each of the following solutions and rank the solutions from weakest to strongest solute–solvent interaction: (c) methanol (CH3OH) in water
549
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