Textbook Question
Classify each of the following as a component of a silicate ceramic, an oxide ceramic, or a nonoxide ceramic. a. B4C
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Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Material
Tro4th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134112831
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving107
- Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements100
- Ch.3 - Molecules, Compounds & Chemical Equations127
- Ch.4 - Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions114
- Ch.5 - Gases103
- Ch.6 - Thermochemistry92
- Ch.7 - Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom50
- Ch.8 - Periodic Properties of the Elements89
- Ch.9 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model84
- Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory74
- Ch.11 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces60
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Material50
- Ch.13 - Solutions90
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics111
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium65
- Ch.16 - Acids and Bases135
- Ch.17 - Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium145
- Ch.18 - Free Energy and Thermodynamics92
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry100
- Ch.20 - Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry68
- Ch.21 - Organic Chemistry121
Chapter 12, Problem 56
What is the name and formula of the compound commonly used in the manufacture of glass to increase the index of refraction?
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the compound commonly used in glass manufacturing to increase the index of refraction.
The compound used for this purpose is lead(II) oxide.
Lead(II) oxide is known to increase the density and refractive index of glass.
The chemical formula for lead(II) oxide is \( \text{PbO} \).
Therefore, the name of the compound is lead(II) oxide and its formula is \( \text{PbO} \).
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Index of Refraction
The index of refraction is a dimensionless number that describes how light propagates through a medium. It is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the medium. A higher index indicates that light travels slower in that medium, which can enhance optical properties such as clarity and brightness in materials like glass.
Glass Manufacturing
Glass is primarily made from silica (SiO2), but various additives are included to modify its properties. These additives can include alkali metals, alumina, and other compounds that influence characteristics such as durability, melting point, and optical clarity. Understanding the role of these additives is crucial for producing glass with specific refractive indices.
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Crystalline vs Amorphous Solids
Borosilicate Glass
Borosilicate glass is a type of glass that includes boron trioxide (B2O3) as an additive, which significantly increases its resistance to thermal shock and enhances its refractive index. This type of glass is commonly used in laboratory glassware and high-quality optics due to its superior properties compared to standard soda-lime glass.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Classify each of the following as a component of a silicate ceramic, an oxide ceramic, or a nonoxide ceramic. a. TiB2 b. ZrO2 c. NaAlSi3O8
Textbook Question
Classify each of the following as a component of a silicate ceramic, an oxide ceramic, or a nonoxide ceramic. b. Mg2SiO4
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Textbook Question
Which solid would you expect to have little or no band gap? a. Zn(s) b. Si(s) c. As(s)
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