Textbook Question
Name each acid. a. HCl(aq)
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Ch.3 - Molecules, Compounds & Chemical Equations
Tro4th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134112831
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving107
- Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements100
- Ch.3 - Molecules, Compounds & Chemical Equations127
- Ch.4 - Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions114
- Ch.5 - Gases103
- Ch.6 - Thermochemistry92
- Ch.7 - Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom50
- Ch.8 - Periodic Properties of the Elements89
- Ch.9 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model84
- Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory74
- Ch.11 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces60
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Material50
- Ch.13 - Solutions90
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics111
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium65
- Ch.16 - Acids and Bases135
- Ch.17 - Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium145
- Ch.18 - Free Energy and Thermodynamics92
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry100
- Ch.20 - Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry68
- Ch.21 - Organic Chemistry121
Chapter 3, Problem 54
Write the formula for each acid. a. phosphoric acid b. hydrocyanic acid c. chlorous acid
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the root name of the acid to determine the anion it is derived from.
For phosphoric acid, recognize that it is derived from the phosphate ion \( \text{PO}_4^{3-} \). The formula for phosphoric acid is \( \text{H}_3\text{PO}_4 \).
For hydrocyanic acid, recognize that it is derived from the cyanide ion \( \text{CN}^- \). The formula for hydrocyanic acid is \( \text{HCN} \).
For chlorous acid, recognize that it is derived from the chlorite ion \( \text{ClO}_2^- \). The formula for chlorous acid is \( \text{HClO}_2 \).
Ensure that the formulas are balanced in terms of charge, with the appropriate number of hydrogen ions to neutralize the charge of the anion.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Acid Formulas
Acids are substances that can donate protons (H+) in a solution. The formula of an acid typically starts with hydrogen (H) followed by the anion. Understanding the structure of the acid helps in writing its correct chemical formula, which reflects the number of hydrogen ions and the corresponding anion.
Nomenclature of Acids
The nomenclature of acids is based on the anion present in the compound. For example, acids derived from anions ending in '-ate' typically end in '-ic' (e.g., phosphoric acid from phosphate), while those from anions ending in '-ite' end in '-ous' (e.g., chlorous acid from chlorite). This systematic naming helps in identifying the acid's composition.
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Common Acids and Their Formulas
Familiarity with common acids and their chemical formulas is essential in chemistry. For instance, phosphoric acid is H3PO4, hydrocyanic acid is HCN, and chlorous acid is HClO2. Recognizing these formulas allows for better understanding and communication of chemical reactions involving these acids.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Refer to the nomenclature flowchart (Figure 3.11) to name each compound. a. KClO3 b. I2O5 c. PbSO4
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Textbook Question
Refer to the nomenclature flowchart (Figure 3.11) to name each compound. d. HC2H3O2(aq)
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Textbook Question
Name each acid. a. HI(aq) b. HNO3(aq) c. H2CO3(aq)
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Textbook Question
Name each acid. b. HClO2(aq) c. H2SO4(aq)
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Textbook Question
Refer to the nomenclature flowchart (Figure 3.11) to name each compound. a. HNO2(aq)