Textbook Question
Predict the products and write a balanced molecular equation for each reaction. If no reaction occurs, write 'NO REACTION.' d. aqueous ammonium chloride and aqueous calcium hydroxide
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Ch.4 - Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions
Tro4th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134112831
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving107
- Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements100
- Ch.3 - Molecules, Compounds & Chemical Equations127
- Ch.4 - Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions114
- Ch.5 - Gases103
- Ch.6 - Thermochemistry92
- Ch.7 - Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom50
- Ch.8 - Periodic Properties of the Elements89
- Ch.9 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model84
- Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory74
- Ch.11 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces60
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Material50
- Ch.13 - Solutions90
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics111
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium65
- Ch.16 - Acids and Bases135
- Ch.17 - Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium145
- Ch.18 - Free Energy and Thermodynamics92
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry100
- Ch.20 - Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry68
- Ch.21 - Organic Chemistry121
Chapter 4, Problem 110
A hydrochloric acid solution will neutralize a sodium hydroxide solution. Look at the molecular views showing one beaker of HCl and four beakers of NaOH. Which NaOH beaker will just neutralize the HCl beaker? Begin by writing a balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction.
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Write the balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction: \( \text{HCl} + \text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{NaCl} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \).
Identify the stoichiometry of the reaction: 1 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of NaOH.
Determine the number of moles of HCl present in the beaker.
Compare the moles of HCl with the moles of NaOH in each beaker to find the one that matches the stoichiometry.
Select the NaOH beaker that has the same number of moles as the HCl beaker for complete neutralization.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Neutralization Reaction
A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base to produce water and a salt. In this case, hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H2O). This process is characterized by the transfer of protons (H+) from the acid to the base, resulting in a solution that is closer to neutral pH.
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Balanced Chemical Equation
A balanced chemical equation represents a chemical reaction with equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. For the neutralization of HCl and NaOH, the balanced equation is HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O. Balancing ensures the law of conservation of mass is upheld, indicating that matter is neither created nor destroyed in the reaction.
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Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on their molar ratios. In the context of the question, understanding the stoichiometric relationship between HCl and NaOH is essential to determine how much NaOH is needed to completely neutralize a given amount of HCl. This involves using the coefficients from the balanced equation to find the correct proportions.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
The combustion of liquid ethanol (C2H5OH) produces carbon dioxide and water. After 4.62 mL of ethanol (density = 0.789 g/mL) is allowed to burn in the presence of 15.55 g of oxygen gas, 3.72 mL of water (density = 1.00 g/mL) is collected. Determine the percent yield for the reaction. (Hint: Write a balanced equation for the combustion of ethanol.)
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Textbook Question
The combustion of gasoline produces carbon dioxide and water. Assume gasoline to be pure octane (C8H18) and calculate the mass (in kg) of carbon dioxide that is added to the atmosphere per 1.0 kg of octane burned. (Hint: Begin by writing a balanced equation for the combustion reaction.)
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Textbook Question
Many home barbeques are fueled with propane gas (C3H8). What mass of carbon dioxide (in kg) is produced upon the complete combustion of 18.9 L of propane (approximate contents of one 5-gallon tank)? Assume that the density of the liquid propane in the tank is 0.621 g/mL. (Hint: Begin by writing a balanced equation for the combustion reaction.)
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Textbook Question
Predict the products and write a balanced molecular equation for each reaction. If no reaction occurs, write 'NO REACTION.' a. HCl(aq) + Hg2(NO3)2(aq) →
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