Textbook Question
Determine the mass of CO2 produced by burning enough of each fuel to produce 1.00×102 kJ of heat. a. CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) ΔH°rxn = –802.3 kJ
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Ch.6 - Thermochemistry
Tro4th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134112831
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving107
- Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements100
- Ch.3 - Molecules, Compounds & Chemical Equations127
- Ch.4 - Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions114
- Ch.5 - Gases103
- Ch.6 - Thermochemistry92
- Ch.7 - Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom50
- Ch.8 - Periodic Properties of the Elements89
- Ch.9 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model84
- Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory74
- Ch.11 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces60
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Material50
- Ch.13 - Solutions90
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics111
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium65
- Ch.16 - Acids and Bases135
- Ch.17 - Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium145
- Ch.18 - Free Energy and Thermodynamics92
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry100
- Ch.20 - Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry68
- Ch.21 - Organic Chemistry121
Chapter 6, Problem 96
In a sunny location, sunlight has a power density of about 1 kW/m2. Photovoltaic solar cells can convert this power into electricity with 15% efficiency. If a typical home uses 385 kWh of electricity per month, how many square meters of solar cells are required to meet its energy requirements? Assume that electricity can be generated from the sunlight for 8 hours per day.
Verified step by step guidance1
Calculate the total energy consumption of the home in kilowatt-hours (kWh) per day by dividing the monthly consumption by the number of days in a month.
Convert the daily energy consumption from kilowatt-hours to kilowatts by dividing by the number of hours in a day that the solar cells can generate electricity.
Determine the amount of power that needs to be generated by the solar cells by dividing the required power by the efficiency of the solar cells (15%).
Calculate the area of solar cells needed by dividing the required power by the power density of sunlight (1 kW/m^2).
Ensure the units are consistent and check the calculations to verify the area of solar cells required.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Power Density
Power density refers to the amount of power (energy per unit time) received per unit area, typically measured in watts per square meter (W/m²). In this context, a power density of 1 kW/m² indicates that each square meter of solar panel can receive 1 kilowatt of solar energy under optimal conditions. Understanding power density is crucial for calculating the total energy available from sunlight for solar energy applications.
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Power and Root Functions Example
Efficiency of Solar Cells
The efficiency of solar cells is the ratio of the electrical output to the solar energy input, expressed as a percentage. In this case, a 15% efficiency means that only 15% of the solar energy hitting the solar cells is converted into usable electricity. This concept is vital for determining how much solar panel area is needed to generate a specific amount of electricity, as higher efficiency results in less area required.
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Energy Consumption and Conversion
Energy consumption refers to the total amount of energy used by a household, measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh). To meet the energy needs of a home using 385 kWh per month, one must convert this monthly requirement into a daily average and then into the equivalent solar energy needed, factoring in the hours of sunlight available. This conversion is essential for calculating the area of solar cells required to meet the household's energy demands.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
The explosive nitroglycerin (C3H5N3O9) decomposes rapidly upon ignition or sudden impact according to the balanced equation: 4 C3H5N3O9(l) → 12 CO2(g) + 10 H2O(g) + 6 N2(g) + O2(g) ΔH°rxn = –5678 kJ Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation (ΔH°f ) for nitroglycerin.
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Textbook Question
The kinetic energy of a rolling billiard ball is given by KE = 1/2 mv2. Suppose a 0.17-kg billiard ball is rolling down a pool table with an initial speed of 4.5 m/s. As it travels, it loses some of its energy as heat. The ball slows down to 3.8 m/s and then collides head-on with a second billiard ball of equal mass. The first billiard ball completely stops and the second one rolls away with a velocity of 3.8 m/s. Assume the first billiard ball is the system. Calculate q.
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