Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

6. Chromosomal Variation

Chromosomal Mutations: Aberrant Euploidy

Genetics

6. Chromosomal Variation

Chromosomal Mutations: Aberrant Euploidy

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1:28 minutes

Problem 8e

Textbook Question

If the haploid number for a plant species is 4, how many chromosomes are found in a member of the species that has one of the following characteristics? Explain your reasoning in each case.
Triploidy

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of haploid number: The haploid number (n) represents the number of chromosomes in a single set of the organism's genome. For this plant species, the haploid number is given as 4 (n = 4).

Define triploidy: Triploidy refers to a condition where an organism has three complete sets of chromosomes instead of the usual two sets found in diploid organisms. This means the organism has 3n chromosomes.

Calculate the total number of chromosomes in a triploid individual: Multiply the haploid number (n = 4) by 3 to determine the total number of chromosomes in a triploid organism. The formula is:

3 \times n

Substitute the haploid number into the formula: Replace n with 4 in the formula to calculate the total number of chromosomes. The calculation becomes:

3 \times 4

Conclude the reasoning: The triploid individual has three sets of chromosomes, which is consistent with the definition of triploidy. This calculation provides the total number of chromosomes in the organism.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Haploid and Diploid Numbers

The haploid number (n) refers to the number of chromosomes in a gamete, which is half the total number of chromosomes in a diploid organism. In this case, if the haploid number for the plant species is 4, the diploid number (2n) would be 8, representing the total chromosomes in somatic cells.

Triploidy

Triploidy is a condition where an organism has three sets of chromosomes instead of the usual two. For a species with a haploid number of 4, a triploid individual would have 3n, which equals 12 chromosomes. This condition can occur due to errors in cell division or fertilization.

Chromosome Number Calculation

To determine the chromosome number in different ploidy levels, one can use the formula based on the haploid number. For triploidy, the formula is 3n, where n is the haploid number. Thus, for this plant species with n=4, the calculation would yield 3 x 4 = 12 chromosomes in a triploid individual.

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From the following list, identify the types of chromosome changes you expect to show phenotypic consequences.

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Contrast the fertility of an allotetraploid with an autotriploid and an autotetraploid.

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