Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance

Overview of interacting Genes

Genetics

3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance

Overview of interacting Genes

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Multiple Choice

How does the large amount of genetic variation observed in prokaryotes primarily arise?

By crossing over during meiosis

By random fertilization of gametes

Through horizontal gene transfer mechanisms such as transformation, transduction, and conjugation

Through independent assortment of chromosomes

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand that prokaryotes (such as bacteria) do not undergo meiosis or sexual reproduction, so mechanisms like crossing over during meiosis and random fertilization of gametes do not apply to them.

Recall that independent assortment of chromosomes is a process that occurs during meiosis in eukaryotes, which prokaryotes lack, so this is not a source of genetic variation in prokaryotes.

Focus on horizontal gene transfer (HGT) as the primary source of genetic variation in prokaryotes. HGT includes mechanisms such as transformation (uptake of free DNA from the environment), transduction (transfer of DNA via bacteriophages), and conjugation (direct transfer of DNA between bacterial cells).

Recognize that these HGT mechanisms allow prokaryotes to acquire new genetic material from other organisms, increasing genetic diversity without sexual reproduction.

Summarize that the large amount of genetic variation in prokaryotes primarily arises through horizontal gene transfer mechanisms rather than through processes associated with sexual reproduction.