Multiple Choice
During which stage of meiosis does crossing over (genetic recombination) occur?
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9. Mitosis and Meiosis
Meiosis
Multiple Choice
In meiosis, what is the specific purpose of meiosis I?
A
To replicate DNA so that each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids
B
To increase chromosome number by pairing and fusing homologous chromosomes into a diploid nucleus
C
To separate homologous chromosome pairs, reducing the chromosome number from diploid to haploid
D
To separate sister chromatids, producing genetically identical daughter cells
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that meiosis is a two-stage process (meiosis I and meiosis II) that reduces the chromosome number by half to produce haploid gametes from diploid cells.
Recognize that the main goal of meiosis I is to separate homologous chromosome pairs, which are chromosomes that carry the same genes but may have different alleles, thereby reducing the chromosome number from diploid (2n) to haploid (n).
Recall that during meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through crossing over, increasing genetic diversity.
Note that DNA replication occurs before meiosis I during the S phase of interphase, so each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids at the start of meiosis I.
Distinguish meiosis I from meiosis II, where meiosis II separates sister chromatids, resulting in four genetically distinct haploid cells.
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