Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

9. Mitosis and Meiosis

Mitosis

Genetics

9. Mitosis and Meiosis

Mitosis

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Multiple Choice

During mitosis, what is the primary difference between sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes?

Sister chromatids are found only in prokaryotes, while homologous chromosomes are found only in eukaryotes.

Sister chromatids are identical copies of a single chromosome connected by a centromere, while homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes with the same genes but possibly different alleles.

Sister chromatids are formed during meiosis, while homologous chromosomes are formed during mitosis.

Sister chromatids have different genes, while homologous chromosomes are genetically identical.

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the definitions of sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes. Sister chromatids are two identical copies of a single chromosome that are connected by a centromere after DNA replication.

Step 2: Recognize that homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent, that have the same genes arranged in the same order but may carry different alleles (variations of a gene).

Step 3: Note that sister chromatids are formed during the S phase of the cell cycle (before mitosis), while homologous chromosomes exist as pairs throughout the cell cycle in diploid organisms.

Step 4: Differentiate their roles during cell division: sister chromatids separate during mitosis to ensure each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes, whereas homologous chromosomes pair and separate during meiosis to reduce chromosome number.

Step 5: Summarize the primary difference: sister chromatids are identical copies of one chromosome connected by a centromere, while homologous chromosomes are similar but not identical pairs of chromosomes with the same genes but potentially different alleles.