Multiple Choice
In the context of the genetic code, what is a DNA triplet called?
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11. Translation
The Genetic Code
Multiple Choice
In the context of the genetic code, what is the relationship between DNA codons and proteins?
A
Each three-nucleotide DNA codon (via transcription to mRNA) specifies an amino acid or a stop signal, and the ordered codons determine the amino acid sequence of a protein.
B
Each DNA codon specifies exactly one complete protein, independent of other codons in the gene.
C
DNA codons are amino acids themselves, and proteins are made by joining codons together.
D
Each DNA codon directly forms a peptide bond between amino acids without the involvement of mRNA or ribosomes.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that DNA contains the genetic instructions for making proteins, and these instructions are encoded in sequences of nucleotides.
Recognize that a codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in DNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.
Know that the process of transcription converts the DNA codon into a complementary mRNA codon, which then carries the code from the nucleus to the ribosome.
During translation, the mRNA codons are read in order by the ribosome, and each codon specifies which amino acid is added next to the growing polypeptide chain.
Therefore, the sequence of DNA codons (via mRNA) determines the precise order of amino acids in a protein, which ultimately defines the protein's structure and function.
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