Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

10. Transcription

Transcription in Prokaryotes

Genetics

10. Transcription

Transcription in Prokaryotes

Previous problemNext problem

Struggling with Genetics?

Join thousands of students who trust us to help them ace their exams!Watch the first video

Multiple Choice

How do transcription and translation differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

In prokaryotes, mRNA is extensively processed before translation.

In eukaryotes, translation begins before transcription is complete.

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation both occur in the nucleus.

In prokaryotes, transcription and translation can occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm.

Previous problemNext problem

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the basic processes of transcription and translation. Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template, and translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA sequence.

Step 2: Identify the cellular locations where these processes occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, both transcription and translation occur in the cytoplasm because they lack a nucleus. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus, and translation occurs in the cytoplasm.

Step 3: Recognize the timing of transcription and translation. In prokaryotes, transcription and translation can happen simultaneously because there is no nuclear membrane separating the processes. In eukaryotes, transcription must be completed and the mRNA processed before translation begins.

Step 4: Consider mRNA processing differences. Eukaryotic mRNA undergoes extensive processing (such as 5' capping, splicing, and polyadenylation) before it exits the nucleus for translation, whereas prokaryotic mRNA is generally not processed extensively.

Step 5: Summarize the key difference: In prokaryotes, transcription and translation are coupled and occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm, while in eukaryotes, these processes are separated both spatially (nucleus vs cytoplasm) and temporally (transcription before translation).

1:14m

Watch next

Master Prokaryotic Transcription with a bite sized video explanation from Kylia

Start learning

Related Videos

Related Practice

Textbook Question

A mutant strain of Salmonella bacteria carries a mutation of the rho protein that has full activity at 37°C but is completely inactivated when the mutant strain is grown at 40°C. Speculate about the kind of differences you would expect to see if you compared a broad spectrum of mRNAs from the mutant strain grown at 37°C and the same spectrum of mRNAs from the strain when grown at 40°C.

486

views

Textbook Question

The DNA sequence below gives the first 12 base pairs of the transcribed region of a gene, and the template and nontemplate strands of DNA are identified. The transcription start is the thymine nucleotide at the end of the sequence given. Use the diagram to answer the list of questions. Make a copy of the diagram before you begin answering the questions, or have one group member diagram the answers for bacteria and another group member diagram the answers for eukaryotes. Nontemplate strand ___________TTGCTACGGTCA___________

Template strand ___________AACGATGCCAGT___________

Write the anticipated bacterial consensus sequence(s) in the approximate position(s) on the diagram.

449

views

Textbook Question

Template strand ___________ AACGATGCCAGT___________

Assuming the sequence shown is part of a bacterial gene, what consensus sequence(s) would you expect to identify in the promoter?

476

views

Textbook Question

Template strand ___________ AACGATGCCAGT___________

Assuming the sequence shown is part of a bacterial gene, draw the approximate positions of the promoter sequence and the termination sequence.