Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

11. Translation

Transfer RNA

Genetics

11. Translation

Transfer RNA

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the primary function of transfer RNA (tRNA) in the process of protein synthesis?

It synthesizes ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in the nucleolus.

It carries amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the coded mRNA message.

It serves as a template for DNA replication.

It catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis by recalling the central dogma of molecular biology: DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into protein.

Recognize that tRNA functions during the translation phase, where it acts as an adaptor molecule that interprets the mRNA codons.

Recall that each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid and has an anticodon region that base-pairs with the complementary codon on the mRNA strand.

Understand that the ribosome facilitates the matching of tRNA anticodons with mRNA codons, ensuring the correct sequence of amino acids is assembled to form a protein.

Note that tRNA does not synthesize rRNA, serve as a template for DNA replication, or catalyze peptide bond formation; instead, its primary function is to transport amino acids to the ribosome and align them according to the mRNA code.