Multiple Choice
Mendel's pea plants had either purple or white flowers. This means that the plants:
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2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance
Mendel's Experiments and Laws
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Which of the following best explains how the sweet pea plants in the parental (P) generation produce offspring with only one type of trait for a given character in Mendel's experiments?
A
The parental generation plants are influenced by environmental factors that determine the trait in the offspring.
B
The parental generation plants are heterozygous, so they produce a mix of traits in their offspring.
C
The parental generation plants are true-breeding, meaning they are homozygous for the trait.
D
The parental generation plants undergo genetic recombination, resulting in new traits in every offspring.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of true-breeding plants: True-breeding plants are homozygous for a particular trait, meaning they carry two identical alleles for that trait.
Recognize that homozygous parents produce gametes that all carry the same allele for the trait, ensuring uniformity in the offspring's genotype for that character.
Recall Mendel's principle of segregation, which states that allele pairs separate during gamete formation, so each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.
Since both parents are homozygous for the same allele, all offspring inherit identical alleles, resulting in offspring that display only one type of trait.
Contrast this with heterozygous parents, which produce a mix of alleles and thus a variety of traits in offspring, unlike the true-breeding (homozygous) parents in Mendel's P generation.
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