Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Translation: Protein Synthesis

GOB Chemistry

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Translation: Protein Synthesis

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4:30 minutes

Problem 71b

Textbook Question

Provide the three-letter amino acid sequence expected from each of the following mRNA segments:
b. 5'CUA|AGC|UUC|AAC|UGG3'

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the codons in the mRNA sequence by dividing the sequence into groups of three nucleotides. For the given sequence, the codons are: CUA, AGC, UUC, AAC, and UGG.

Use the genetic code table to determine the amino acid corresponding to each codon. For example, CUA codes for Leucine (Leu), AGC codes for Serine (Ser), UUC codes for Phenylalanine (Phe), AAC codes for Asparagine (Asn), and UGG codes for Tryptophan (Trp).

Convert the full names of the amino acids into their three-letter abbreviations. For instance, Leucine becomes Leu, Serine becomes Ser, Phenylalanine becomes Phe, Asparagine becomes Asn, and Tryptophan becomes Trp.

Write the amino acid sequence in the order corresponding to the codons in the mRNA segment. Ensure the sequence is presented as three-letter abbreviations separated by hyphens.

Double-check the sequence to confirm that each codon has been correctly translated into its corresponding amino acid and that the sequence matches the original mRNA codon order.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

mRNA Translation

mRNA translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins by decoding the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence. Each set of three nucleotides, known as a codon, corresponds to a specific amino acid. Understanding this process is crucial for determining the amino acid sequence from an mRNA strand.

Codons and Amino Acids

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid during protein synthesis. The genetic code is universal, meaning that the same codons correspond to the same amino acids across different organisms. Familiarity with the codon table is essential for translating mRNA sequences into their respective amino acids.

Reading Frame

The reading frame refers to the way nucleotides in mRNA are grouped into codons for translation. It is determined by the starting point of translation and can affect the resulting amino acid sequence. A shift in the reading frame can lead to completely different proteins, making it important to maintain the correct frame when translating mRNA.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a 13-amino-acid peptide hormone responsible for pigmentations in hair and skin. Its peptide sequence is shown.

SYSMQHFRWGKPV

c. Suggest a complementary template DNA sequence based on the mRNA sequence suggested in part b.

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