Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Naming Alkynes

GOB Chemistry

13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Naming Alkynes

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Problem 27d

Textbook Question

Draw the condensed structural formula, or line-angle formula, if cyclic, for each of the following:
d. 3-chloro-1-butyne

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the name of the compound. '3-chloro-1-butyne' indicates a four-carbon chain (butyne) with a triple bond starting at carbon 1 and a chlorine atom attached to carbon 3.

Step 2: Begin by drawing the main chain. Represent the four-carbon chain with a triple bond between carbon 1 and carbon 2. Use the condensed structural formula format: CH≡C-CH₂-CH₃.

Step 3: Add the chlorine substituent. Attach a chlorine atom (Cl) to carbon 3 in the chain. This modifies the structure to CH≡C-CH(Cl)-CH₃.

Step 4: Verify the structure. Ensure the triple bond is correctly placed between carbon 1 and carbon 2, and the chlorine atom is attached to carbon 3. Confirm that all carbons have the correct number of bonds (hydrogens or substituents).

Step 5: If needed, convert the condensed structural formula into a line-angle formula. Represent the triple bond as three parallel lines, and show the chlorine atom as a branch off the third carbon in the chain.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Condensed Structural Formula

A condensed structural formula is a way of representing a chemical compound that shows the arrangement of atoms and the connectivity between them without depicting all the bonds explicitly. It typically groups atoms together to indicate how they are connected, making it easier to visualize the structure of the molecule. For example, in 3-chloro-1-butyne, the condensed formula would highlight the presence of the chlorine atom and the triple bond in the butyne structure.

Line-Angle Formula

The line-angle formula, also known as the skeletal formula, is a simplified way of drawing organic molecules where vertices represent carbon atoms and lines represent bonds. This method omits hydrogen atoms attached to carbons, making it easier to visualize complex structures, especially in cyclic compounds. For cyclic structures, the line-angle formula effectively conveys the arrangement of atoms and bonds without clutter.

Alkynes

Alkynes are a class of hydrocarbons characterized by at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. They follow the general formula CnH2n-2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. In the case of 3-chloro-1-butyne, the presence of the triple bond between the first and second carbon atoms defines its reactivity and properties, making it important to accurately represent in structural formulas.

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