Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

17. Amines

Amine Reactions

GOB Chemistry

17. Amines

Amine Reactions

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4:11 minutes

Problem 37c

Textbook Question

Using condensed structural formulas, or line-angle formulas if cyclic, write the balanced chemical equations for the (1) reaction of each of the following amines with water and (2) neutralization with HCl:
c. aniline

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the structure of aniline. Aniline is an aromatic amine with the condensed structural formula C₆H₅NH₂. It consists of a benzene ring (C₆H₅) attached to an amino group (-NH₂).

Step 2: Write the reaction of aniline with water. Amines react with water to form their conjugate acid and hydroxide ions. Represent this reaction as: C₆H₅NH₂ + H₂O → C₆H₅NH₃⁺ + OH⁻. Ensure the equation is balanced.

Step 3: Write the neutralization reaction of aniline with HCl. Amines react with acids like HCl to form their corresponding ammonium salts. Represent this reaction as: C₆H₅NH₂ + HCl → C₆H₅NH₃⁺Cl⁻. Ensure the equation is balanced.

Step 4: Confirm the physical states of the reactants and products. Aniline is typically a liquid or solid, water is a liquid, HCl is aqueous, and the products (C₆H₅NH₃⁺ and C₆H₅NH₃⁺Cl⁻) are aqueous.

Step 5: Verify the chemical equations for correctness and balance. Ensure that the number of atoms and charges are balanced on both sides of each equation.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Condensed Structural Formulas

Condensed structural formulas provide a simplified representation of a molecule, showing the arrangement of atoms and the connectivity between them without depicting all the bonds explicitly. For example, aniline can be represented as C6H5NH2, indicating the presence of a phenyl group attached to an amino group. This format is essential for quickly identifying functional groups and understanding the reactivity of the compound.

Acid-Base Reactions

Acid-base reactions involve the transfer of protons (H+) between reactants. In the context of aniline reacting with water, it acts as a weak base, accepting a proton to form anilinium ion (C6H5NH3+). Understanding this concept is crucial for predicting the products of the reaction and balancing the chemical equation.

Neutralization Reactions

Neutralization reactions occur when an acid reacts with a base to produce water and a salt. In the case of aniline and hydrochloric acid (HCl), the aniline base reacts with HCl to form anilinium chloride (C6H5NH3Cl). Recognizing this type of reaction is important for writing balanced equations and understanding the resulting products.

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