Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

1. Matter and Measurements

States of Matter

GOB Chemistry

1. Matter and Measurements

States of Matter

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1:49 minutes

Problem 44d

Textbook Question

Identify each of the following changes of state as melting, freezing, sublimation, or deposition:
d. Frost (ice) forms on the walls of a freezer unit of a refrigerator.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the process described in the problem. Frost forming on the walls of a freezer involves water vapor in the air turning directly into solid ice without becoming liquid first.

Step 2: Recall the definition of deposition. Deposition is the phase change where a substance transitions directly from the gas phase to the solid phase, bypassing the liquid phase.

Step 3: Compare the described process to the definition of deposition. Since water vapor (gas) is turning into ice (solid) directly, this matches the definition of deposition.

Step 4: Confirm that no intermediate liquid phase is involved. The problem explicitly describes frost forming directly from water vapor, which is characteristic of deposition.

Step 5: Conclude that the change of state described in the problem is deposition.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Deposition

Deposition is the process in which a gas transforms directly into a solid without passing through the liquid state. This occurs when the temperature and pressure conditions favor the solid phase, leading to the formation of solid particles from vapor. An example of deposition is the formation of frost on surfaces, where water vapor in the air freezes directly into ice.

Phase Changes

Phase changes refer to the transitions between different states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. These changes occur due to variations in temperature and pressure, affecting the energy and arrangement of particles. Understanding phase changes is crucial for identifying processes like melting, freezing, sublimation, and deposition, as they describe how substances behave under different conditions.

Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with heat, work, and energy transfer. It provides the principles governing phase changes, including the energy required for a substance to change from one state to another. In the context of deposition, thermodynamic principles explain how energy loss from water vapor leads to the formation of frost when it cools and solidifies on surfaces.