What is the difference between a substitution reaction and an addition reaction?

Classify the following reactions as an addition, elimination, or substitution:

a. CH₃Br + NaOH → CH₃OH + NaBr

b. H₂C═CH₂ + HCl → CH₃CH₂Cl

c. CH₃CH₂Br → H₂C═CH₂ + HBr

If 2-methyl-2-pentene were converted into 1-hexene, what kind of reaction would that be?

Many biological transformations can be simply classified as additions, eliminations, or substitutions. How would you classify the following reactions?

a. Fumaric acid to malic acid

Many biological transformations can be simply classified as additions, eliminations, or substitutions. How would you classify the following reactions?

b. 2-Phosphoglyceric acid to phosphoenolpyruvic acid

The structure of vinyl acetate is shown below (the partial structure H₂C=CH-is known as a vinyl group). When polymerized it produces poly(vinyl acetate), a polymer used for the springy soles in running shoes. Draw the structure of the polymer obtained if three vinyl acetate units underwent polymerization.

How many moles of reagent are needed for the addition of the following alkyne?

Identify the type of reaction for the following:

a.

b.

Classify the following reactions as an addition, elimination, or substitution:

a. CH₃Br + NaOH → CH₃OH + NaBr

b. H₂C═CH₂ + HCl → CH₃CH₂Cl

c. CH₃CH₂Br → H₂C═CH₂ + HBr